The apple of peru, nicandra physaloides, is the only member of its genus. Half hardy perennial commonly grown as a half hardy annual by gardeners. The structures of these compounds were established by 1d and 2d nmr spectra and hresims. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Once dried the head resembles some sort of strange chinese lantern and inside almost a perfect sphere, full of seed. Nicandra physalodes apple of peru this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. The flowers are nice, but the seed heads are the real feature of this plant. Nicandra physalodes, apple of peru seward, alaska august 2002. Apple of peru, shoofly plant, broadleafnightshade botanical name. Solanaceae nightshade family, potato family medicinal use of shoo fly.
The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Pdf withanolides from leaves of nicandra physalodes. Qualitative tests for the presence of alkaloids were performed as follows. The generic nicandra is named after nikander, a poet of asia minor who lived about 100 bc and wrote of the medicinal uses of this plant. It is thought originally to have been native to western south america, including peru, and is known elsewhere as an introduced and ruderal species sometimes as a weed in tropical, subtropical and, to a. Download this fruits of nicandra nicandra physalodes nicandra physaloides giftbeere photo now. However, it can pop unexpectedly, particularly around bird feeders because it can be found in commercial birdseed mixtures. Flowers pale blue with a blue spot at the base of each lobe. It is known by the common names appleofperu and shoofly plant. Leaves alternate, ovate, 28 inches long, 14 inches wide, margins dentate, irregularly lobed, upper surface sparsely hairy, lower mostly smooth. Nicandra physalodes l pers through the question of the alkaloids of the solanaceae. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs. The specific epithet physalodes is often misspelt as physaloides after gaertner.
Pdf comparative pharmacobotanical study on nicandra. We do not use these to store personal information about you. Nicandra physalodes seeds shooflyplant plant world seeds. Genus nicandra is a monotypic genus in the potato family, solanaceae. Apple of peru shoofly plants what is apple of peru and. A chemical and morphological study of nicandra physalodes l. Five of these withanolides have an unmodified skeleton 15, two are acnistins 6, 7, and four are withajardins 811. In addition, users can learn about the location of vouchered specimens and see images to get a better visual for each plant. Nicandra is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family containing the single species nicandra physalodes. The compounds 418 were the first time isolated from the nicandra genus and they except 8, 10, 14 exhibited inhibitions on the no release of lps. The species is commonly known as the apple of peru or shoofly. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information.
Shoofly plant nicandra physalodes illinois wildflowers. It is also found on riverbanks in the sydney region and in listed as an environmental weed in gosford city, on the new south wales central coast. Eleven new withanolides 111 were isolated and characterized from the aerial parts of nicandra johntyleriana. Plants profile for nicandra physalodes apple of peru.
In the latter capacity it was once a familiar sight cultivated around barns in some places. The alternate leaves are up to 8 long and 4 across excluding the petioles. Physalodes is derived from the genus name physalis meaning like plants in that genus with particular reference to the encased fruit. I saw some seed heads from this plant at the seed swap yesterday but couldnt remember the name. Nicandra plant growing guide apple of peru, shoofly plant. This lovely variation carries large, whitecentred, blue funnelshaped flowers over lush foliage dramatically splashed with creamy yellow. This thesis open access is brought to you for free and open access by open prairie. Shoofly plant nicandra physalodes nightshade family solanaceae description.
This plant is a summer annual that becomes 25 tall, branching occasionally. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Media in category nicandra physalodes the following 169 files are in this category, out of 169 total. The seeds are used in tibetan medicine, they are said to have an acrid taste and a cooling. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf withanolides from leaves of nicandra physalodes article pdf available in journal of the brazilian chemical society 291. It is called the shoofly plant as it is reputed to deter whitefly. Native to south america hence the name, this member of the nightshade family produces attractive flowers and can be used in a homemade insecticide. Nicandra physalodes nicphphotos eppo global database. Mpunalang, kwazulu natal, eastern cape, gauteng and free state provinces. Branches of these can be dried and used for winter decoration indoors. And search more of istocks library of royalty free stock images that features branch plant part photos available for quick and easy download. Apple of peru, shoofly plant nicandra physalodes is a member of the nightshade family solanacaea and is somewhat poisonous. Open public research access institutional repository. The flowers are pale bluemauve with a white throat, 5.
Note that you may have to search by common name to find listings for this one. It is known by the common names apple of peru and shoofly plant. Nicandra nana bitter nicandra nebulosa bitter nicandra parvimaculata bitter nicandra physalodes scop. These new isolates were fully characterized using a combination of spectroscopic techniques including multidimensional nmr and mass. Erect annual herbs up to 2 m tall, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Keep reading to learn more about the apple of peru plant.
Can reach three feet in only eight weeks after an early summer sowing. Large, whitecentred, blue funnelshaped flowers appear over an extended period above lush green foliage. Nicandra physalodes seeds shooflyplant plant world. Comparative pharmacobotanical study on nicandra physalodes and physalis angulata solanaceae. The genus is named for greek poet nicander of colophon, who wrote about plants notably in his poem alexipharmaca, which treats of poisons and their antidotes. Pdf in this work a morphoanatomical comparative characterization was carried out between the leaves of nicandra. Nicandra physalodes mansfeld world database of agricultural and horticultural crops. Three new glycosides and 15 known ones 418 were isolated and identified from the fruits of nicandra physaloides. A chemical and morphological study of nicandra physalodes.
Locally apple of peru was used both as a fly poison and a fly deterrent. Sell nicandra undulata bitter nicandra violacea andre nicandra violacea andre ex lemoine pentagonia physalodes l. Nicandra is commonly offered on seed trade lists, for example by members of. Nicandra is a genus of flowering plant in the family solanaceae, native to western south america. Ballongblomma nicandra physalodes ar en art i familjen potatisvaxter som ursprungligen kommer fran peru. Apple of peru, shoofly plant, nicandra physalodes urban. Top of page nicandra is a single species genus in the family solanaceae. Withanolides with antibacterial activity from nicandra. A vigorous plant with handsome, wavytoothed leaves and attractive pale blue, bellshaped flowers followed by ornamental papery chinese lanterns. Nicandra physalodes violacea rhs plants for pollinators plants this plant will provide nectar and pollen for bees and the many other types of pollinating insects. Nicandra physalodes is a species of flowering plant in subfamily solanoideae of the nightshade family. Leaves narrowly to broadly ovate, 420 cm long, 210 cm wide, upper surface with sparse, short, inflated, eglandular hairs, lower surface glabrous or nearly so, margins widely, irregularly, and shallowly dentate or subentire, apex acute to acumunate, base cuneate to attenuate, petioles 26 cm long.
One of the fastest growing plants yopu will ever find, it can reach three feet in only eight weeks after an early summer sowing. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. It is thought originally to have been native to western south america, including peru, and is known elsewhere as an introduced and ruderal species sometimes as a weed in tropical, subtropical and, to a lesser extent. South america peru and as an introduced species also in australia, north america and some european countries height. Apple of peru nicandra physalodes is a relatively common weed of creekbanks and riparian areas in southeastern queensland, though it rarely forms large and dense populations. A comparative analysis of anatomical and morphological features of the flower was conducted on exodeconus maritimus benth.
The seed heads look like pretty lanterns but the tell take tomato truss. It owes its common name to the fact that some gardeners believe it to be a deterrent to white. The shoofly plant nicandra physalodes can be grown from seed as a decorative addition to the garden. Plant database entry for shoofly plant nicandra physalodes with 32 images and 19 data details.
Photos of nicandra physalodes nicph this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. The apple of peru plant nicandra physalodes is an interesting specimen. There is no evidence to suggest that the plant is purgative, though an alkaloid with mydriatic action is present. Nicandra physaloides noun the noun nicandra physaloides has 1 sense 1.
932 787 1473 975 795 194 352 327 593 940 1153 274 97 142 1076 1000 748 619 1266 726 1539 830 1344 124 859 375 1543 1200 1037 1469 1454 1665 256 1592 184 144 876 721 971 1454 158 750 431 1484 495 298 1137 1078